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Tea
Michael Lam, MD, MPH
www.DrLam.com
(READING
TIPS: For fast reading, scan through the topic headings in BOLD BLACK,
important conclusions in BOLD BLUE, and " Must Know " in BOLD RED.To jump to specific sections in this article, click on
the respective LINKS in the Contents.)
Contents
Kinds
of Tea
Benefits of Tea
Antioxidant Content of Tea
Tea and Caffeine
Additional Facts on Caffeine
How much caffeine is in Tea
Caffeine Content Comparison
How do I know if I can tolerate the caffeine in Tea
Green Tea - As Good as It Sounds
Green Tea May Prevent Cancer
Green Tea Good for Brain
Green Tea - Drink Only If You Have To
Herbal Tea
Detox Herbal Tea
Tea Tips
Conclusion
Tea's
history is nearly 5,000 years old. Legend has it that it was discovered
in 2737 B.C. by a Chinese emperor when some tea leaves accidentally blew
into a pot of boiling water. In the 1600s tea became popular throughout
Europe and the American colonies. In 1908, Thomas Sullivan of New York developed
the concept of tea in a bag.
Kinds of Tea
Tea can be broken down in to 2 categories:
non-herbal teas and herbal teas. Non-herbal tea can be further
broken down into three basic categories: black, green and oolong. Black
tea is the most popular, being consumed by over 90 percent of the tea consumed
in U.S. Black tea has been fully oxidized or fermented and yields a
hearty-flavored, amber brew. Some of the popular black teas include English
Breakfast (a popular choice for breakfast due to its hearty flavor that
mixes well with milk), Darjeeling (a blend of Himalayan teas with a flowery
bouquet suited for lunch and snacks) and Orange Pekoe (a blend of Ceylon
teas that is the most widely used of the tea blends).
Green tea, unlike black tea, is not oxidized. It has a more delicate
taste and is light green/golden in color. Green tea, a staple in the Japan,
is gaining popularity in the U.S. due in part to recent scientific studies
linking green tea drinking with reduced cancer risk.
Oolong tea, popular in China, is partly oxidized and is a cross between
black and green tea in color and taste.
All regular non-herbal teas contain varying
amounts of antioxidants and caffeine.
While flavored teas evolve from these three basic teas, herbal
teas contain no true tea leaves. Herbal and "medicinal" teas are
created from the flowers, berries, peels, seeds, leaves and roots of many
different plants. Detox herbal teas are special teas made from a blend of
herbs with special detoxification and cleansing properties. These two do
not contain any caffeine. They are best for our body.
Benefits
of Tea
Non-herbal Tea is rich in antioxidant
polyphenols (catechins, flavonols, theaflavins and thearubigins).
These antioxidants are believed to be the active ingredients behind the beneficial effects of tea. Antioxidants
help repair damage to cells and blood vessel walls from free radicals. They
also help reduce blood clots which could lessen the risk of a heart attack.
Flavonoids are also found in varying amounts of fruits and vegetables as
well.
While drinking non-herbal tea has been
promoted to cure everything from cancer to reduced heart attack, scientific
studies are not conclusive.
Experts at King's College, London studied 340 men and women who had suffered
heart attacks and matched them by age, gender and neighborhood residence
with people who had no history of heart attacks. They then compared the
two groups' coffee and tea drinking habits for a year. The tea drinkers
drank black tea as opposed to green tea (which contains fewer flavonoids)
or herbal teas (which contain none).
Findings revealed that the tea drinkers' risk of a heart attack approached
half of the non-tea drinkers. Scientists speculate that tea's beneficial
cardio effects are due to the beverage's large amounts of flavonoids.
Two cups of tea also have the equivalent antioxidant activity of one
and a half glasses of red wine, 12 glasses of white wine, seven glasses
of orange juice and 12 glasses of beer.
Tea consumption tended to reduce the development of aortic atherosclerosis
in rabbits when studied in a laboratory setting. Tea polyphenols exert marked
effects on cells, and inhibit neutrophil migration and inflammatory responses,
sometimes at low concentrations. Other studies have shown no significant
difference. Unfortunately epidemiological evidence relating regular
consumption of tea or related polyphenols to cardiovascular heart disease
is equivocal. Specifically, catechins are absorbed from tea, but low plasma
concentrations are attained and whether such low plasma level have therapeutic
effect remains to be validated. Also, the bioavailability of theaflavins
and thearubigins is unknown at this time. Tea does not reduce blood pressure
or plasma lipids in well-controlled human trials, although sporadic case
reports have been positive. Tea polyphenols inhibit LDL lipid peroxidation
in vitro, but the effect ex vivo is small.
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